Betting the House: 16th Annual Residence Hall Construction Report

With college and university enrollment projected to skyrocket over the next decade, and a growing desire by many to keep students on campus, residence-hall construction has become a priority for higher-education institutions.

And according to American School & University's 16^th annual survey of residence-hall construction, housing facilities are being built larger and accommodating more students at a higher total cost. The median new residence hall completed in 2004 was 60,000 square feet (compared with 57,000 square feet the year before) and held 210 residents at a total cost of $10 million (compared with 198 residents and $5.7 million in 2003).

Dissecting the data

The 16th annual Residence Hall Construction Report uses data compiled as part of American School & University's larger Official Education Construction Report (published in May). Chief business officials at the nation's colleges and universities involved in a new residence-hall construction project were asked to provide information about a variety of cost and amenity issues.

Construction and cost data for new residence hall projects are found in Table 1, which includes breakouts from lowest to highest, and by averages and medians.

The total cost for new residence halls constructed in 2004 ranged from $363,000 to $60.4 million. The median project cost $10 million (up from $5.7 million in 2003); the average project cost $13.1 million. The amount of square footage of new housing facilities ranged from 3,960 to 372,000; the median residence hall provided 60,000 square feet of space, and the average project totaled 84,229 square feet.

New housing projects accommodated as few as 48 residents and as many as 730; the median number was 210 and the average was 266. Median cost per resident increased to $43,269 (from $37,500 in 2003) and $54,137 (from $39,641) at the average new residence hall.

Also increasing in 2004 is the amount of square feet per resident at the median new residence hall, rising to a median of 338 and an average of 457 from 317 and 429, respectively, the year before. Square footage per resident ranged from 100 to 1,597.

Although other areas of residence-hall construction moved up, cost per square foot for median new housing facilities completed in 2004 went down. The median new project cost $114 per square foot (compared with $140 the year before); the average project came in at $143 per square foot (compared with $127 in 2003). Cost per square foot ranged from $53 to $503.

Looking at amenities

Higher-education institutions remain committed to including numerous and highly desired amenities in residence halls as a means of attracting students to campus living. Table 2 details a number of amenities featured in new residence-hall projects.

The most common amenities among projects completed in 2004 are laundry facilities and Internet access (both 89 percent), followed by electronic security systems (78 percent), television rooms/lounges (78 percent) and air conditioning (76 percent). Other commonly reported amenities: individual room/apartment lavatories (67 percent), elevators and kitchen facilities (both 61 percent).

Those amenities reported as among the least popular are classrooms and dining halls (both 6 percent).

As has been the case historically, co-educational facilities remain the predominant form of living arrangement at new residence halls; 89 percent of the new projects are designated as such. Those facilities for couples or families, as well as those built for men only or women only, make up the remaining projects.

TABLE 1: Residence hall construction: The statistical picture (2004)

Range Variable Low High Average Median Cost ($ millions) $.363 $60.4 $13.1 $10.0 Size (Sq. Ft.) 3,960 372,000 84,229 60,000 Residents 48 730 266 210 Cost/Sq. Ft. $53 $503 $143 $114 Sq. Ft./Resident 100 1,597 457 338 Cost/Resident $5,672 $146,581 $54,137 $43,269

TABLE 2: Amenities in today's residence halls

Air conditioning 76% Carpeting 48% Classrooms 6% Computer access to library 39% Dining hall 6% Elevators 61% Individual room/apartment lavatories 67% Internet access 89% Kitchen 61% Laundry 89% Security systems (electronic) 78% Shared lavatories 50% Television rooms/lounges 78%

Snapshot

Following is an overview of the median new residence hall constructed in 2004:

• Cost: $10 million
• Size: 60,000 square feet
• Residents: 210
• Cost/Square Foot: $114
• Square Feet/Resident: 338
• Cost/Resident: $43,269

Agron is editor-in-chief of AS&U.